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HIGH VOLTAGE POWER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
PA89 * PA89A
MICROTECHNOLOGY
HTTP://WWW.APEXMICROTECH.COM
(800) 546-APEX
(800) 546-2739
FEATURES
* * * * * * 1140V P-P SIGNAL OUTPUT WIDE SUPPLY RANGE -- 75V to 600V PROGRAMMABLE CURRENT LIMIT 75 mA CONTINUOUS OUTPUT CURRENT HERMETIC SEALED PACKAGE INPUT PROTECTION
PATENTED
APPLICATIONS
* * * * PIEZOELECTRIC POSITIONING HIGH VOLTAGE INSTRUMENTATION ELECTROSTATIC DEFLECTION SEMICONDUCTOR TESTING
TYPICAL APPLICATION
Ultra-high voltage capability combined with the bridge amplifier configuration makes it possible to develop +/-1000 volt peak swings across a piezo element. A high gain of -50 for A1 insures stability with the capacitive load, while "noise-gain" compensation Rn and Cn on A2 insure the stability of A2 by operating in a noise gain of 50.
50R 50R 50R +600V R V IN A1 PA89 PIEZO TRANSDUCER -600V -600V A2 PA89 +600V R
DESCRIPTION
The PA89 is an ultra high voltage, MOSFET operational amplifier designed for output currents up to 75 mA. Output voltages can swing over 1000V p-p. The safe operating area (SOA) has no second breakdown limitations and can be observed with all types of loads by choosing an appropriate current limiting resistor. High accuracy is achieved with a cascode input circuit configuration and 120dB open loop gain. All internal biasing is referenced to a bootstrapped zenerMOSFET current source, giving the PA89 a wide supply range and excellent supply rejection. The MOSFET output stage is biased for class A/B linear operation. External compensation provides user flexibility. The PA89 is 100% gross leak tested to military standards for long term reliability. This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes a beryllia (BeO) substrate, thick film resistors, ceramic capacitors and semiconductor chips to maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. The MO-127 High Voltage, Power DipTM package is hermetically sealed and electrically isolated.
Cn
SINGLE AXIS MICRO-POSITIONING
EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS*
-IN +IN N/C
1 2 3 4 5 12 11 TOP VIEW 10 9 8 7
RESERVED RESERVED CC COMP RC +VS CL R CL = .7 I LIM COMP
SIMPLIFIED SCHEMATIC
D1 Q5 Q1 Q2 D57 COMP 9 10 -IN 1 Q22 Q25A Q23 Q25B +IN 2 Q19 Q20 Q26 CL 7 8 +VS
N/C -VS OUT
6
Q29 Q36
6 OUT
R CL
PHASE COMPENSATION
Gain 1 10 15 100 CC 470pF 68pF 33pF 15pF RC 470 220 220 220
D30 D35 Q45
D34 D31 Q44 D5
Q42
-VS 5
Note: CC must be rated for full supply voltage -Vs to +Vs. See details under "EXTERNAL COMPONENTS".
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION * TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 * FAX (520) 888-3329 * ORDERS (520) 690-8601 * EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com
PA89 * PA89A
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +VS to -VS OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA POWER DISSIPATION, internal at TC = 25C INPUT VOLTAGE, differential INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s max TEMPERATURE, junction2 TEMPERATURE, storage OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case PA89 TEST CONDITIONS
1
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS
1200V 100mA 40W 25V VS 25V 300C 150C -65 to 125C -55 to 125C PA89A MAX MIN TYP MAX UNITS
SPECIFICATIONS
PARAMETER INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. time BIAS CURRENT, initial3 BIAS CURRENT,vs. supply OFFSET CURRENT, initial3 INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC INPUT CAPACITANCE COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE4 COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC INPUT NOISE GAIN OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT POWER BANDWIDTH PHASE MARGIN OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING4 VOLTAGE SWING4 CURRENT, continuous SLEW RATE CAPACITIVE LOAD, Av = 10 CAPACITIVE LOAD, Av>10 SETTLING TIME to .1% POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VS4 CURRENT, quiescent THERMAL RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case5 RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case RESISTANCE, junction to air TEMPERATURE RANGE, case NOTES: * 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Full temperature range, F > 60Hz Full temperature range, F < 60Hz Full temperature range Meets full range specifications Full temperature range 75 IO = 75mA Full temperature range, IO = 20mA Full temperature range CC = 15pF, AV = 100 Full temperature range Full temperature range RL = 10K, 10V step, Av = 10 RL = 10k, CC = 15pF RL = 10k, CC = 15pF, AV = 100 RL = 10k, CC = 15pF, VO = 500V p-p Full temperature range, AV = 10 108 Full temperature range MIN
TYP
Full temperature range Full temperature range, VCM = 90V 10kHz BW, RS = 10K, CC = 15pF
VS 50 96
.5 10 7 75 5 .01 5 105 4 110 4 120 10 5 60
2 30 50 50 * *
.25 5 * * 3 * 3 * * *
.5 10 10 20
mV V/C V/V V/kh pA pA/V pA M pF V dB V RMS dB MHz kHz V V mA V/s nF s V mA C/W C/W C/W C
*
* * * * * * * * * *
VS 30 VS 15 VS 20 VS 12 75 12 16 1 SOA 2 500 4.8 2.1 3.3 15 -25 600 6.0 2.3 3.5 +85
* * * *
*
* * * * *
* * * * *
*
The specification of PA89A is identical to the specification for PA89 in applicable column to the left. Unless otherwise noted: TC = 25C, CC = 68pF, RC = 220, and VS = 500V. Input parameters for bias currents and offset voltage are values given. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. Doubles for every 10C of temperature increase. +VS and -VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Rating applies only if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz. The PA89 is constructed from MOSFET transistors. ESD handling procedures must be observed. The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850C to avoid generating toxic fumes.
CAUTION
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION * 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD * TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 * USA * APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS
PA89 * PA89A
0 -45
PHASE, ()
OUTPUT STAGE INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P(W)
40 32 24 16 8 0 0
POWER DERATING
PHASE RESPONSE
33pf, 220
NORMALIZED QUIESCENT CURRENT, I Q (X)
1.10
QUIESCENT CURRENT
1.05
-90
-135 68pf, 220 15pf, 220 CC , RC 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M FREQUENCY F (Hz)
1.00
-180 -225 -270
.95
.9 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VS (V)
25 50 75 100 125 150 CASE TEMPERATURE, T (C)
120
OPEN LOOP GAIN, A (dB)
SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE
15pf, 220 33pf, 220
VOLTAGE DROP FROM SUPPLY, V S - VO (V)
30 25 20 15 10 5
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
100 80 60 40 20 0 CC , RC 1 68pf, 220
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (VPP )
1200 1000 800 600 500 300
POWER RESPONSE
C C = 15pf
C C = 33pf C C = 68pf 100 1K R C = 220 3K 30K 10K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 100K
-20
10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
0
25 75 100 50 OUTPUT CURRENT, I O (mA)
20
INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, e N (nV/ Hz)
SLEW RATE VS COMP
10
DISTORTION, THD(%)
HARMONIC DISTORTION
VS = 500V C C = 15pf, R C = 220 R L = 11K A V = 100 VO = 800Vpp VO = 600Vpp VO = 400Vpp
20 15 10 7 5
INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE
SLEW RATE, (V/ S)
1
15
.1
10
.01
3 2 10
5 25 50. 100 0 75 EXT. COMPENSATION CAPACITOR, C C (pF)
COMMON MODE REJECTION, CMR(dB)
VO = 100Vpp .001 30 100 300 1K 3K 10K 30K 100K FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
POWER SUPPLY REJECTION, PSR (dB)
100 10K 1K FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
100K
100 80 60 40 20 0 1
COMMON MODE REJECTION
100 80 60 40 20 0
POWER SUPPLY REJECTION
100
CURRENT LIMIT, I LIM (mA)
CURRENT LIMIT
80 60 40 20 0
10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
1
10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
0
40 60 100 20 80 RESISTOR VALUE, R CL ( )
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION * TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 * FAX (520) 888-3329 * ORDERS (520) 690-8601 * EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com
PA89 * PA89A
GENERAL
Please read the "General Operating Considerations" section, which covers stability, supplies, heatsinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Additional information can be found in the application notes. For information on the package outline, heatsinks, and mounting hardware, consult the "Accessory and Package Mechanical Data" section of the handbook.
OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS
STABILITY
Although the PA89 can be operated at unity gain, maximum slew rate and bandwidth performance was designed to be obtained at gains of 10 or more. Use the small signal response and phase response graphs as a guide. In applications where gains of less than 10 are required, use noise gain compensation to increase the phase margin of the application circuit as illustrated in the typical application drawing.
SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA)
The MOSFET output stage of this power operational amplifier has two distinct limitations: 1. The current handling capability of the MOSFET geometry and the wire bonds. 2. The junction temperature of the output MOSFETs. NOTE: The output stage is protected against transient flyback. However, for protection against sustained, high energy flyback, external fast-recovery diodes should be used.
The compensation capacitance CC must be rated for the full supply voltage range. For example, with supply voltages of 500V the possible voltage swing across CC is 1000V. In addition, a voltage coefficient less than 100PPM is recommended to maintain the capacitance variation to less than 5% for this example. It is strongly recommended to use the highest quality capacitor possible rated at least twice the total supply voltage range. Of equal importance are the voltage rating and voltage coefficient of the gain setting resistances. Typical voltage ratings of low wattage resistors are 150 to 250V. In the above example 1000V could appear across the feedback resistor. This would require several resistors in series to obtain the proper voltage rating. Low voltage coefficient resistors will insure good gain linearity. The wattage rating of the feedback resistor is also of concern. A 1 megohm feedback resistor could easily develop 1 watt of power dissipation. Though high voltage rated resistors can be obtained, a 1 megohm feedback resistor comprised of five 200Kohm, 1/ 4 watt metal film resistors in series will produce the proper voltage rating, voltage coefficient and wattage rating.
CURRENT LIMIT
For proper operation the current limit resistor (RCL) must be connected as shown in the external connection diagram. The minimum value is 3.5 ohm, however for optimum reliability the resistor value should be set as high as possible. The value is calculated as follows with the maximum practical value of 150 ohms.
RCL = .7 I LIM
SAFE OPERATING CURVES
The safe operating area curves define the maximum additional internal power dissipation the amplifier can tolerate when it produces the necessary output to drive an external load. This is not the same as the absolute maximum internal power dissipation listed elsewhere in the specification since the quiescent power dissipation is significant compared to the total.
When setting the value for RCL allow for the load current as well as the current in the feedback resistor. Also allow for the temperature coefficient of the current limit which is approximately -0.3% /C of case temperature rise.
EXTERNAL COMPONENTS
The very high operating voltages of the PA89 demand consideration of two component specifications rarely of concern in building op amp circuits: voltage rating and voltage coefficient.
OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +VS OR -VS (mA)
CAUTIONS
The operating voltages of the PA89 are potentially lethal. During circuit design, develop a functioning circuit at the lowest possible voltages. Clip test leads should be used for "hands off" measurements while troubleshooting.
100 10mS 50 30 125C 25C 100mS
POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION
Unidirectional zener diode transient absorbers are recommended as protection on the supply pins. The zeners clamp transients to voltages within the power supply rating and also clamp power supply reversals to ground. Whether the zeners are used or not, the system power supply should be evaluated for transient performance including power-on overshoot and power-off polarity reversals as well as line regulation. Conditions which can cause open circuits or polarity reversals on either power supply rail should be avoided or protected against. Reversals or opens on the negative supply rail is known to induce input stage failure. Unidirectional transzorbs prevent this, and it is desirable that they be both electrically and physically as close to the amplifier as possible.
15 10
85C
5
T = T CASE 3 100 200 300 500 800 1000 1200 SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE, VS - VO (V)
This data sheet has been carefully CORPORATION * to be NORTH SHANNON ROAD assumed for possible inaccuracies or USA * APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739 APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY checked and is believed 5980reliable, however, no responsibility*isTUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 * omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice. PA89U REV. F FEBRUARY 1998 (c) 1998 Apex Microtechnology Corp.

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